Bond

In finance, a bond is a debt security, in which the certified issuer owes the holders a debt and is obliged to repay the principal and interest (the coupon) at a later date, termed maturity. Other conditions may also be attached to the bond issue, such as the obligation for the issuer to provide certain information to the bond holder, or limits on the behavior of the issuer. Bonds are usually issued for a fixed term more than ten years, U.S. Treasury securities issue debt with life of ten years or more, which is a bond, and New debt between one year and ten years is a "note", and new debt less than a year is a "bill".

Aspect of Life

Throughout life people make different decisions upon life, some of which are less significant as others. One of the main decisions I took was that in which I had determined to leave my old life in China and come to Australia. After all, I always wanted to travel around the world. Now after expenses half of my life here, I would like to offer farewell to a few of favorable memories of home.

Send-off to the little girl that played, I anticipate I will come back to home soon and see you all again. With me when I was in kinder garden who help me get through my first day gone from mum. Thank you for pleasant me to the dentist when my tooth was painful at the middle of the night. Goodbye to the teachers who carried me in her higher body when I cry in tears every morning seeing my mum go to work without me.

A Civil Role Model

The word civil carries a lot of power. The usage needs to be carefully considered when it's entered into a sentence or an expression. Civil means a wide difference of things. It can be defined as a way to be attentive of the forms required for good reproduction. It can also be a means to the needs and affairs of the common public. However, the latter of the two definitions can also be extended to include a definition of the private rights and the remedy sought by action or costume. The point is that the word civil has a greater significance that has been embraced by our American legal traditions. It is the premise that law is there to provide the people and the lawyers are nothing more than mere guardians of law.
These are thoughts that were measured during the class viewing of A Civil Action. In the events of the case, there were many concerns that were brought up about our permissible culture.

Cable ferry

A cable ferry or chain ferry is a means of water carrying by which a ferry or other boat is guided and in many cases propelled across a river or other larger body of water by means of cables or chains linked to both shores. Ferries of this type are sometimes also called punts, particularly in Australian English.

There are three types of cable ferry, one is the reaction ferry, which exclusively uses the power of the river to tack across the current; another is the powered cable ferry which uses an auto or diesel engine to wind itself crossways the river. The third type, now fast failing, is the hand-operated type, such as the Stratford-upon-Avon Chain Ferry in the UK and the Saugatuck Chain Ferry in Michigan, USA.
Early manifestation of cable ferries often used rope or steel chains, which were largely replace by stronger and more durable wire cable by the late 19th century.

whaleboat

A whaleboat is a type of open boat that is comparatively narrow and pointed at both ends, enabling it to move either forwards or backwards equally well. It was initially developed for whaling, and later became popular for work along beaches, as it does not need to be turned around for beaching or refloating.
Whaleboats are usually oar-powered, although in whaling use often had a dismountable mast and sails, too. After 1850 most were fitted with a centerboard for marine. When sailing, steering was with a rudder; when rowing, navigation was done with an oar held over the stern. Whaleboats used in whaling had a stout post mounted on the aft deck, approximately which the steersman would cinch the rope once the whale had been harpooned, and by which the whale would drag the boat awaiting it was killed.
The term "whaleboat" may be used casually of larger whalers, or of a boat used for whale watching.

Genetics

It is the science of genes, heredity, and the variation of organisms. The word "genetics" was first suggested to describe the study of inheritance and the science of variation by the prominent British scientist William Bateson in a personal letter to Adam Sedgwick, dated April 18, 1905. Bateson first used the term "genetics" publicly at the Third International Conference on Genetics (London, England) in 1906.

Heredity and variations form the basis of genetics. Humans applied knowledge of genetics in prehistory with the domestication and breeding of plants and animals. In modern research, genetics provides important tools for the investigation of the function of a particular gene, e.g., analysis of genetic interactions. Within organisms, genetic information generally is carried in chromosomes, where it is represented in the chemical structure of particular DNA molecules.

Genes encode the information necessary for synthesizing the amino-acid sequences in proteins, which in turn play a large role in determining the final phenotype, or physical appearance, of the organism. In diploid organisms, a dominant allele on one chromosome will mask the expression of a recessive gene on the other.

Computer

A computer is a device for manipulate data according to a list of instructions. Computers take many physical forms. Early electronic computers were the size of a large room, consuming a lot power as more than a few hundred modern personal computers. Today, computers can be made little enough to fit into a wrist watch and be motorized from a watch battery. Society has come to be familiar with personal computers and their portable corresponding, the laptop computer, as icons of the information age; they are what most people think of as "a computer".
However, the most common form of computer in use today is by far the fixed computer. Embedded computers are small, simple devices that are frequently used to control other devices—for example; they may be found in machines range from fighter aircraft to industrial robots, digital cameras, and even children's toys.

A Brave New Audience

Over time, technology has become highly developed. This is adverse for mankind because the more superior, the more serious television gets, the not as good as it is for its viewers. It always feeds people information with which they take in without even significant its perils. What they think is an admirable source of information, is actually a hazardous medium through which millions of Americans reduce their intelligence. According to Neil Postman, it is simply just a damage of content because it focuses more on descriptions, rather than content.
In Postman's essay, The Huxleyan Warning, he exhorts readers that Huxley's prophecies are launch to be realized. He claims that society will enchain themselves through their love for their own oppression; the technologies that disable their abilities to think. This technology comes through the shape of a television screen. These prophecies, which were first introduced to us by Aldous Huxley, are observable in the movie The Truman Show. Truman is a normal human being, accidentally being watched by billions of viewers ever since his birth. Viewers are stuck to their television sets watching his every move.

Mobile phone culture or customs

In less than twenty years, mobile phones have gone from being odd and expensive pieces of equipment used by businesses to an enveloping low-cost personal item. In a lot of countries, mobile phones now outnumber land-line telephones, with the majority adults and many children now owning mobile phones. In the United States, 50% of children hold the mobile phones. It is not uncommon for young adults to simply own a mobile phone instead of a land-line for their house. In some developing countries, where there is little existing fixed-line communications, the mobile phone has become extensive. According to the CIA World information book the UK now has extra mobile phones than people.

With high levels of mobile telephone access, a mobile culture has evolved, where the phone becomes a key social tool, and people rely on their mobile phone address book to keep in contact with their friends. Many people keep in touch by using SMS, and an entire culture of testing has developed from this. The commercial market in SMS is increasing. It is very useful for all the people.

A Nucleus a Day

Wow, one more exciting day is about to begin. Sometimes I get so exhausted of being the brains of this whole process, but it is fun to be the boss and give the orders. Lets study a usual day I am a nucleus. My life is very difficult because normal things going on and I hardly have a time to talk to you. But as I started telling you about me then my strength as well finish it up. I am the most significant organelle. It can be reduced in size by rapping it around a nucleosides arrangement of his tone proteins. The nucleus that is in me is the site for RNA and the covering of ribosomal subunits for export to the cytosol. The DNA string is sometimes a very long particle, and sometimes it needs to be compressed to fit into a certain spot. This can result in the DNA strand to be compact so it will fit in the space. Well cannot talk any longer but it was time to take a break. My primary purpose is to organize the actions inside the cell.

A simple Girl

Around and around it soared in brutal circles, tearing from side to side her animated temples. At a standstill, they did not do anything. Still, they simply laid there with faces of chalk, invalid of all human emotions. She could not look at them in hopes of relieve, for long. The cherry rivers that flowed across her eyes, streamed down her steaming cheeks, made vision impossible.

Life was simply the stack of decayed flesh that enclosed her. From his immortal lips hung the bodies of all those who died struggle for him and all those who had tampered with self luxury. For that, she dammed him for all eternity; in every form he understood she dammed him. He had been her guiding angle and now it became evident to her. No prayer would pass her conditions lips, for this had been his movement she had fought and they had lost other than just a clash.

Electron microscopes

Electron microscopes, which use beams of electrons as a substitute of light, are designed for very high magnification usage. Electrons, which have a much smaller wavelength than visible light, allow a much higher resolution. The main limitation of the electron beam is that it must pass through a vacuum as air molecules would otherwise scatter the beam.

Arts & Crafts

The Arts and Crafts progress began mainly as a search for real and meaningful styles for the 19th century and as a response to the miscellaneous revival of famous styles of the Victorian era and to "inexpressive" machine-made manufacture aided by the Industrial Revolution. Considering the instrument to be the source cause of all repetitive and ordinary evils, some of the protagonists of this association turned completely away from the use of technology and towards handcraft, which tended to focus their productions in the hands of receptive but comfortable consumers.

Yet, while the Arts and Crafts movement was in great part a effect to industrialization, if looked at on the entire, it was neither anti-modern. Some of the European factions thought that machines were in fact required, but they should only be used to reduce the tediousness of routine, repetitive tasks. At the same time, some Arts and Crafts leaders felt that things should also be reasonable. The difference between quality production and 'demo' design, and the effort to settle the two, subject design debate at the turn of the twentieth century.

Navigation

Navigation by ships depends on the capability to measure latitude and longitude. Latitude is quite easy to determine through outer space navigation, but the measurement of longitude requires exact measurement of time. This need was a major motivation for the development of accurate mechanical clocks. John Harrison created the first highly exact marine chronometer in the mid-18th century. The Noon gun in Cape Town still fires an exact signal to allow ships to check their chronometers.

Eisenhower jacket

An Eisenhower jacket, or "Ike" jacket, is a kind of military uniform blouse, or shortened coat, terminating in a waistband. Introduced by U.S. Army General and Supreme Commander of the Allied forces in Europe Dwight David Eisenhower, his new design firstly appeared in 1943 as a modified edition of the U.S. Army's regulation service uniform coat, the idea based on the British Battle Dress coat which predated the American Ike Jacket by a number of years.

After World War II, jackets of this style became a suitable type of coat to wear when operating a vehicle and/or carrying a sidearm, which made variations of it trendy with civilian police agencies.

Cock ring or cock ring

A cock ring or cock ring is a ring that is located around a man’s penis, usually at the base, primarily to slow the leakage of blood from the erect penile tissue, thus maintaining erection for longer. Cock rings can be worn around just the penis or penis and scrotum, or just the scrotum alone, though this is usually designated as a testicle cuff. Rings can be made of a variety of different materials; most commonly leather, rubber, or silicone, though nylon and metal are also used either as the main component or part of the closure.

Supra-aural

Supra-aural headphones are much like circumaural; only the pads go away on top of the ear, making them lighter and smaller. They may have circled pads, much like circumaural headphones, only smaller and go on top of the ear. They may also have basic, "open" pads. They were commonly bundled with personal stereos during the 1980s.

Network Time Protocol

The Network Time Protocol is a protocol for synchronizing the clocks of computer systems over packet-switched, variable-latency information networks. NTP uses UDP port 123 as its transport layer. It is designed particularly to resist the effects of variable latency. NTP is one of the oldest Internet protocols still in use. NTP was originally designed by Dave Mills of the University of Delaware, who still maintains it, along with a team of volunteers.

Grape

A grape is the non-climacteric fruit that grows on the perennial and deciduous woody vines of the folks Vitaceae. Grapes grow up in clusters of 6 to 300, and can be black, blue, golden, green, purple, red, pink, brown, peach or white. They can be eaten raw or used for producing jam, grape juice, and jelly, wine and grape seed oil. Cultivation of grapevines occurs in vineyards, and is called viticulture. One who studies and practices growing grapes for wine is called a viticulturist. The leaves of the grape vine itself are considered safe to eat and are used in the production of dolmades.

Local area network

A local area network (LAN) is a computer network layer a small geographic area, like a home, office, or group of buildings.Current LANs are most probable to be based on switched IEEE 802.3 Ethernet technology, running at 10, 100, 1,000 or 10,000 Mbit/s, or on IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi technology. Every node or computer in the LAN has its own computing power but it can also access extra devices on the LAN subject to the permissions it has been permitted. These could include data, processing power, and the capability to communicate or chat with other users in the network.The defining characteristics of LANs, in difference to Wide area networks (WANs), comprise their much higher data transfer rates, lesser geographic range, and lack of a need for leased telecommunication lines.

Neem cake

Neem cake natural manure is the by-product obtained in the process of cold pressing of Neem fruits and kernels, and the solvent removal process for neem oil cake. It is a potential source of organic manure under the Bureau of India Standards, Neem has established considerable potential as a fertilizer. For this purpose, neem cake and neem leaves are particularly promising. Puri , in his book on neem has given details about neem seed cake as manure and nitrification inhibitor. The author has described that after processing neem cake can be used for partial replacement of poultry and cattle feed.

ARM

The ARM architecture (Advanced RISC Machine or Acorn RISC Machine) is a 32-bit RISC processor architecture developed by ARM Limited that is widely used in a number of embedded designs. Due to their power saving features, ARM CPUs are dominant in the mobile electronics market, where low power consumption is a critical design goal.

Today, the ARM family accounts for over 75% of all 32-bit embedded CPUs, making it one of the most prolific 32-bit architectures in the world. ARM CPUs are found in all corners of consumer electronics, from portable devices to computer peripherals. Important branches in this family include Marvell's XScale and the Texas Instruments OMAP series.

Dry foods

Flake food is a type of proprietary or artificially manufactured fish food inspired by a wide variety of tropical and saltwater fish and invertebrates. It is ideally suited to top dwellers and mid-water fish though numerous bottom dwelling species consume flake food once it has settled on the bottom. Flake food is baked to remove moisture and create the flaking, thus allowing for a longer shelf life. Generally the more moisture a particular example of fish food contains, the more readily it will deteriorate in quality.
Dry foods is also available as pellets, sticks, tablets, granules, and wafers, manufactured to float or sink, depending on the species they are designed to feed.

Fertilisation

Fertilisation or fertilization also known as conception, fecundation and syngamy, is fusion of gametes to form a new organism of the same species. In animals, the process involves a sperm fusing with an ovum, which finally leads to the development of an embryo. Depending on the animal species, the process can occur within the body of the female in internal fertilisation, or outside in the case of external fertilisation.The entire process of development of new individuals is called procreation, the act of species reproduction.

Boat

A boat is a watercraft intended to float on, and offer transport over, water. Usually this water will be inland or in protected coastal areas. However, boats such as the whaleboat were historically intended to be operated from a ship in an offshore environment. In Naval terms, a boat is something small enough to be carried aboard another vessel (a ship). Boats that are notable exceptions to this concept due to their huge size are the Great Lakes freighter, riverboat, and ferryboat. These examples do, however, usually operate on inland and protected coastal waters. Modern submarines may also be referred to as boats (in spite of underwater capabilities and size), but this is perhaps due to the fact that the first submarines could be carried by a ship and were certainly not capable of making offshore passages on their own. Boats may have military, other government, research, or commercial usage; but a vessel, regardless of size, that is in private, non-commercial usage is almost definitely a boat.

Accelerated Graphics Port

The Accelerated Graphics Port is a high-speed point-to-point channel for attaching a graphics card to a computer's motherboard, primarily to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics. Some motherboards have been built with multiple independent AGP slots. AGP is currently being phased out in favor of PCI Express.

History of bullets

The history of bullets parallels the history of firearms. Advances in one either resulted from or precipitated advances in the additional. Originally, bullets are round metallic or stone balls placed in front of a volatile charge of gunpowder at the end of a closed tube. As firearms became more scientifically advanced, from 1500 to 1800, bullets changed very little. They remained simple round lead balls, called rounds, conflicting only in their diameter. The growth of the hand culverin and matchlock harquebus brought about the use of cast lead balls as projectiles. "Bullet" is derived from the French word "boulette" which approximately means "little ball". The original musket bullet was a globular lead ball two sizes smaller than the bore, wrapped in a loosely-fitted paper patch which served to hold the bullet in the barrel firmly upon the powder. The loading of muskets was, therefore, easy with the old smooth-bore Brown Bess and similar military muskets.

Emerging Paradigm

Network-on-Chip is an emerging paradigm for communications within large VLSI systems implemented on a single silicon chip. In a Network-on-Chip system, modules such as processor cores, memories and specialized IP blocks exchange data using a network as a "public transportation" sub-system for the information traffic. A Network-on-Chip is constructed from multiple point-to-point data links interconnected by switches, such that messages can be relayed from any source module to any destination module over several links, by making routing decisions at the switches. A Network-on-Chip is similar to a modern telecommunications network, using digital bit-packet switching over multiplexed links. Although packet-switching is sometimes claimed as necessity for a Network-on-Chip, there are several Network-on-Chip proposals utilizing circuit-switching techniques. This definition based on routers is usually interpreted so that a single shared bus, a single crossbar switch or a point-to-point network are not Network-on-Chip s but practically all other topologies are. This is somewhat confusing since all above mentioned are networks but they are not considered as network-on-chips. Note that some articles erroneously use Network-on-Chip as a synonym for mesh topology although Network-on-Chip paradigm does not dictate the topology. Likewise, the regularity of topology is sometimes considered as a requirement which is, obviously, not the case in research concentrating on "application-specific Network-on-Chip topology synthesis".

Vitamins

Vitamins are nutrients required in minute amounts for essential metabolic reactions in the body. The term vitamin does not consist of other essential nutrients such as dietary minerals, essential fatty acids, or essential amino acids, nor does it include the large number of other nutrients that promote health but that are not essential for life. Vitamins are bio-molecules that act both as catalysts and substrates in chemical reactions. When acting as a catalyst, vitamins are bound to enzymes and are called cofactors. Vitamins also act as coenzymes to hold chemical groups between enzymes. Folic acid, for example, carries various forms of carbon groups–methyl, firmly or ethylene in the cell. Vitamins have been created as commodity chemicals and prepared widely available as inexpensive pills for several decades allowing supplementation of the dietary intake.

Bag

A bag is a container that is typically used for storing or holding something. Bags are non-rigid, usually made of paper, cloth, thin plastic or some other flexible material. A bag may have one or two handles or none at all. Sometimes a money bag or travel bag has a lock. Sachets may be fabric bags that are filled with pot pourri and tied off with ribbons. Youth giving a purse to a sitting courtesan the word probably has its origins in the Norse word baggy. Although paper had been used for purposes of wrapping and padding in ancient China since the 2nd century BC, the first use of paper bags in China came during the later Tang Dynasty.
Bags vary from small ones, like purses to large ones for use in traveling like a suitcase. Cheap disposable paper bags and plastic shopping bags are very common in the retail trade as a convenience for shoppers, and are often supplied by the shop for free or for a small fee. Customers may also take their own shopping bags to the shop. There are environmental concerns regarding use and disposal of plastic shopping and trash bags. Efforts are being taken to control and reduce their use in some European Union countries, including Ireland and the Netherlands. In some cases the cheap bags are taxed so the customer must pay a fee where they may not have done previously

Description of Willamette River

The Willamette rises in three separate forks in the mountains south and southeast of Eugene, at the southern termination of the Willamette Valley. The Middle Fork and North Fork increase on the western side of the Cascades between Three Sisters south to Diamond Peak, with the Middle Fork in receipt of the North Fork northwest of Oakridge and flowing northwest through the mountains to the southern end of the Willamette Valley. The Coast Fork rises in the lower mountains south of Cottage Grove, sinuous north to connect the Middle Fork 2 mi southeast of Eugene.

From Eugene, the joint river flow NNW across the plain of the southern Willamette Valley to Corvallis, and then follows a zigzag course past Albany and around the isolated hills in the middle valley, passing west of downtown Salem. From Salem it flows north in a not direct course across the northwest plain of the valley, reaching the hills at Newberg, where it turns sharply ENE along the hills, passing through an opening in the hills at Oregon City, the location of the Falls of the Willamette and the head of navigation. From Oregon City it flows northwest, past Lake Oswego and Milwaukee on the south edge of Portland, then passing between east and west Portland, where it is spanned by a series of urban bridges. Downstream of downtown Portland it flows northwest through the industrial port area of Portland Harbor, then splitting into two channels around Sauvie Island, both of which hook around to enter the Columbia from the west, with the main channel entering on the north edge of Portland and the smaller Multnomah Channel entering approximately 15 mi NNW at St.Helens.

Transportation

Transportation is the movement of people and goods from one place to another. The term is derived from the porter ("to carry") and Latin Trans ("across"). Industries which have the business of providing equipment, actual transport, transport of people or goods and services used in transport of goods or people make up a huge broad and important segment of most national economies, and are collectively referred to as transport industries.

The field of transport has several aspects: loosely they can be divided into a triad of infrastructure, vehicles, and operations. Infrastructure includes the transport networks (roads, railways, airways, waterways, canals, pipelines, etc.) that are used, as well as the nodes or terminals (such as airports, railway stations, bus stations and seaports). The vehicles generally traverse on the networks, such as automobiles, bicycles, buses, trains, and aircrafts.

Corydon Airport

Corydon Airport is in south London on the limits of the London Boroughs of Corydon and Sutton. It was once the main airport for London, before it was replaced by Northolt Aerodrome, London Heathrow Airport and London Gatwick Airport.

It originated as two adjacent World War I airfields. Bedding ton Aerodrome, one of a number of small airfields around London which had been created for security against the Zeppelin raids in about May 1915, and Wad don Aerodrome of 1918, a test-flight aerodrome adjoining National Aircraft Factory No1.

At the end of that war, the two airfields were mutual into London's official airport as the gateway for all worldwide flights to and from the capital. Corydon Aerodrome opened on 29 March 1920.

It stimulated a growth in regular scheduled flights transport passengers, mail and freight, the first destinations being Paris, Amsterdam and Rotterdam. In 1923 Berlin flights were added. It was the operating base for Imperial Airways - remembered in the road name imposing Way on the site today.

In the mid 1920s, the airfield was extended, some adjacent roads being permanently closed to allow heavier airliners to land and depart safely. A new complex of buildings was constructed adjoining Purley Way, including the first purpose-designed air terminal in the world, the Aerodrome Hotel and extensive hangars, all opening on 2 May 1928.

The terminal building, the booking hall within it with its gallery balustraded in the geometrical design typical of the period, and the Aerodrome hotel were all built in the Art Deco style of the 1920s and 1930s. A further item that caught the eye of visitor and traveller alike was the time zone tower in the booking hall with its dials depicting the times in different parts of the world.

Satellite phone

A satellite telephone, satellite phone, or satphone is a mobile phone that communicates directly with orbiting communications satellites. Depending on the architecture of a particular system, coverage may comprise the entire Earth, or only specific regions.Satellite phone (Inmarsat)The mobile equipment, also known as a terminal or earth station, varies generally. A satellite phone handset has a size and weight comparable to that of a late 1980s or early 1990s cell phone, but with a large retractable antenna. These are popular on expeditions into remote areas where terrestrial cellular service is unavailable.A fixed installation, such as used shipboard, may include large, rugged, rack-mounted electronics, and a steerable microwave antenna on the mast that mechanically tracks the overhead satellites.

Columbia River

100 The Columbia River is a river located in British Columbia and the Pacific Northwest of the United States. It is the biggest river in volume flowing into the Pacific Ocean from North America, and the second largest in the United States. It is the largest hydroelectric power producing river in North America. From its headwaters to the Pacific Ocean it flows 1,270 miles, and drains 258,000 square miles.
Geography
Columbia River, Revelstoke, BCColumbia Lake forms the Columbia's headwaters in the Canadian Rockies of southern British Columbia. The river then flows through Windermere Lake and the town of Invermere, then northwest to Golden and into Kinbasket Lake. The river then turns south all the way through Revelstoke Lake and the Arrow Lakes to the BC–Washington border.
The river then flows throughout the east-central portion of Washington State. The last 300 miles of the Columbia form the Washington-Oregon border line. The river goes into the Pacific Ocean at Ilwaco, Washington and Astoria, Oregon.

For its first 200 miles the Columbia flows northwest; it then bends to the south, crossing from Canada into the United States, where the river meets the Clark Fork. The Clark Fork River begins near Butte, Montana and flows through western Montana before entering Pend Oreille Lake. Water demanding from the lake forms the Pend Oreille River, which flows across the Idaho panhandle to Washington's northeastern curve where it meets the northern Canadian fork.
Columbia River Gorge, Oregon or South SideThe River then runs southsouthwest through the Columbia Plateau, changing to a southeasterly direction near the Columbia Basin, where the magnificent Gorge at George is situated. The Gorge Amphitheater, which looks out over the gorge, is a spectacular 40,000 person concert venue.

Lightning

Lightning is an influential natural electrostatic release produced during a thunderstorm. Lightning's abrupt electric release is accompanied by the emission of visible light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation. The electric current passing through the release channels quickly heats and expands the air into plasma, producing acoustic shock waves in the atmosphere.

Early lightning investigate
During early investigations into electricity via Leyden jars and other instruments, a number of people planned that small scale sparks shared some similarity with lightning.

Benjamin Franklin, who also imaginary the lightning rod, endeavored to test this theory by using a spire which was being erected in Philadelphia. Whilst he was waiting for the spire completion some others conducted at Marly in France, what became to be known as the Philadelphia experiments that Franklin had optional in his book?

Franklin typically gets the credit for being the first to perform this research. The Franklin myth goes like this:

Whilst coming up for completion of the spire, he got the idea of using a flying object, such as a kite in its place. During the next shower, in June 1752, he raised a kite, accompanied by his son as an assistant. On his end of the string he emotionally involved a key and tied it to a post with a silk thread. As time passed Franklin noticed the loose fibers on the string stretching out; he then brought his hand close enough to the key and a flash jumped the gap. The rain which had fallen during the storm had covered with water the line and made it conductive.

However, in his memoirs, Franklin obviously states that he only performed this research after those made in France.

As news of the research and its specifics spread, it was met with attempts at duplication. Experiments involving lightning are always risky and commonly fatal. The most well known death during the rash of Franklin-imitators was Professor George Richman, of Saint Petersburg, Russia. He had shaped a setup similar to Franklin's, and was attending a meeting of the Academy of Sciences, when he heard thunder. He ran home with his engraver to capture the event for posterity. While the research was underway, a large ball lightning showed up, collided with Richman's head, and killed him, leaving a red spot. His shoes were blown open, parts of his clothes singed, the engraver knocked out, the doorframe of the room was split, and the door itself ragged off its hinges.

Giotto mission

100 Giotto was a European unmanned space mission from the European Space Agency planned to flying by and studies Halley's Comet.

Mission
On March 13, 1986, Giotto approached at a 596 kilometer detachment from Halley's nucleus.

The space probe "Giotto" from the European Space Agency was planned to study Halley's Comet. The spaceship was named after the medieval Italian painter Giotto di Bondone. He had observed Halley's Comet in 1301 and was stimulated to depict it as the star of Bethlehem in his painting The Christmas Story.

Originally a United States partner probe was intended that would accompany Giotto, but this fell from side to side due to budget cuts at NASA. There were plans to have watching equipment on-board a Space Shuttle in low-Earth orbit around the time of Giotto's fly-by, but they fell through with the Challenger disaster.

Atomic clock

An atomic clock is a type of clock so as to uses an atomic resonance frequency standard as its counter. Early atomic clocks were masers by means of attached equipment. Today's best atomic frequency standards (or clocks) are based on more advanced physics involving cold atoms and atomic fountains. National standards agencies maintain an accuracy of 10-9 seconds per day, and a precision equal to the frequency of the radio transmitter pumping the maser. The clocks keep up a continuous and stable time scale, International Atomic Time (TAI). For civil time, another time scale is disseminated, Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). UTC is derived from TAI, but coordinated with the passing of day and night based on astronomical observations.

Nectarines

Nectarine tree in full flower The nectarine is a variation of peach that has a fuzzless skin. Though grocers treat fuzzy peaches and nectarines as dissimilar fruits, they belong to the same species. Nectarines have arisen many times from fuzzy peaches, often as bud sports. Nectarines can be white, yellow, clingstone, or freestone. Regular peach trees infrequently produce a few nectarines, and vice versa. Nectarines are more simply damaged than fuzzy peaches. The history of the nectarine is unclear; the first recorded mention is from 1616 in England, but they had probably been grown very much earlier in central Asia.

Places to see in Jaipur

Places to see in Jaipur
Amber Palace The Amber Palace complex overlooking the artificial lake south of the town of Amber is one of the most well-liked tourist sites in the city, famous for its mixture of Hindu and Muslim architecture, and offering elephant rides from the town up to the palace courtyard. Although the structure is today known as Amber Fort, the complex was at first a Palace Complex within the Fort of Amber which is today known as Jaigarh fort.
Jaigarh Fort The Jaigarh Fort on the hills above the Amber Palace complex offers stunning views of the foothills of the Aravalli range, as well as attractions such as vast underground water-storage tanks, a medieval canon foundry and an impressive collection of medieval cannons with the Jaivana which is supposed to be the world's largest cannon on wheels. in the past this was the original Amber Fort, although it became known as Jaigarh from the time of Sawai Jai Singh II onwards.
Jal Mahal is located in Jaipur India, which is the capital of the State of Rajasthan. It is on the way to Sisodia garden. The rajput style "Water Palace" sits in the center of the Man Sarobar lake. The lake is frequently dry in the summer but winter monsoons frequently turn it into a beautiful lake filled with water hyacinths.

Recreation

Recreation is the use of time in a non-profitable way, in many ways also therapeutic refreshment of one's body or mind. While leisure is more likely a type of entertainment or rest, recreation is active for the participant but in a refreshing and diverting manner. As people in the world's richer regions lead increasingly sedentary life styles, the need for recreation has grown. The rise of so called active vacations exemplifies this trend.

Air pollution

Air pollution is a chemical, physical (e.g. particulate matter), or biological agent that modifies the normal characteristics of the atmosphere. Stratospheric ozone depletion due to air pollution has long been known as a threat to human health as well as to the earth's ecosystems.
Worldwide air pollution is in charge for large numbers of deaths and cases of respiratory disease. Enforced air quality standards, like the Clean Air Act in the United States, have reduced the occurrence of some pollutants. While major stationary sources are often identified with air pollution, the greatest source of emissions are in fact mobile sources, principally the automobile. Gases such as carbon dioxide, which contribute to global warming, have newly gained recognition as pollutants.

Magnets

Magnets are materials that creates a magnetic field of their own. Extreme examples of magnets are "hard", or "permanent" magnets (like refrigerator magnets), which remember how they have been magnetized, and "soft", or "impermanent" magnets (like the material of the refrigerator door), which lose their memory of previous magnetizations. "Soft" magnets are often used in electromagnets to enhance (often by factors of hundreds or thousands) the magnetic field of a current-carrying wire that has been wrapped in the region of the magnet; when the current increases, so does the field of the "soft" magnet, which is much larger than the field due to the current. Permanent magnets occur naturally in some rocks, mainly lodestone, but they are now more commonly manufactured.
Materials without a permanent magnetic moment can, in the occurrence of magnetic fields, be attracted (paramagnetic), or repelled (diamagnetic). Liquid oxygen is paramagnetic; graphite is diamagnetic. "Soft" magnets, which are powerfully attracted to magnetic fields, can be thought of as strongly paramagnetic; superconductors, which are strongly repelled by magnetic fields, can be thought of as strongly diamagnetic.

Desalination

Desalination refers to any of several processes that take away the excess salt and other minerals from water in order to obtain fresh water fit for animal consumption or irrigation, and if almost all of the salt is removed, for human consumption, sometimes producing table salt as a by-product. Desalination of brackish water is previously commonplace in the U.S., where it is used to meet treaty obligations for river water
entering Mexico. Indeed, desalination has spread into use in over a hundred countries, with Saudi Arabia accounting for about 24% of total world capacity. Kuwait built the world's first large-scale desalination plant in the 1960s. Kuwait's energy reserves are so great that Kuwait is unique in using desalinated water for agriculture. The world's largest desalination plant is in Ashkelon, Israel. It began in use on August 4, 2005, and it is capable of producing 100 million cubic meters of water per year.

Mercury (element)

Mercury also called quicksilver, is a chemical component in the periodic table that has the symbol Hg (Latinized Greek: hydrargyrum, meaning watery or liquid silver) and atomic number 80. A important, silvery transition metal, mercury is one of five elements that are liquid at or near standard room temperature and pressure (the others are the metals caesium, francium, and gallium, and the nonmetal bromine). Mercury is used in thermometers, barometers and other scientific apparatus, although the use of mercury in thermometers has been mostly phased out in clinical and scientific environments (in favor of alcohol-filled, digital or thermistor-based replacements) due to concerns about the element's toxicity. Mercury is still used in dental amalgam. Mercury is frequently obtained by reduction from the mineral cinnabar. Mercury, like lead, is a neurotoxin, and elevated blood mercury levels have led to retardation and deformities in children.

Massive stars

During their helium-burning phase, very high mass stars with more than nine solar masses increased to form red supergiants. Once this fuel is exhausted at the core, they can carry on to fuse elements heavier than helium. The core contracts until the temperature and pressure are enough to fuse carbon. This process continues, with the consecutive stages being fueled by oxygen, neon, silicon, and sulfur. Near the end of the star's life, fusion can occur along a series of onion-layer shells within the star. Each shell fuses a different element, with the outermost shell fusing hydrogen; the next shell fusing helium, and so forth.The final stage is reached when the star begins producing iron. Since iron nuclei are more tightly bound than any heavier nuclei, if they are fused they do not release energy — the process would, on the contrary, consume energy. Likewise, since they are more tightly bound than all lighter nuclei, energy cannot be free by fission.In relatively old, very massive stars, a large core of inert iron will accumulate in the center of the star. The heavier elements in these stars can work their way up to the surface, forming evolved objects known as Wolf-Rayet stars that have a dense stellar wind which sheds the outer atmosphere.

gold

Gold is a extremely sought-after valuable metal that for many centuries has been used as money, a store of value and in ornaments. The metal occurs as nugget or grains in rocks and in alluvial deposits and is one of the coinage metals. It is a soft, glossy, yellow, dense, malleable, and ductile (trivalent and univalent) change metal. Modern manufacturing uses include dentistry and electronics. Gold forms the basis for a financial typical used by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Bank for International resolution (BIS). Its ISO currency code is XAU.
Gold is a tinny element with a trait yellow color, but can also be black or ruby when finely alienated, while colloidal solutions are intensely tinted and often purple. These colors are the effect of gold's plasmon frequency lying in the visible range, which causes red and yellow glow to be reflected, and blue light to be engrossed. Only silver colloids show the same interactions with light, albeit at a shorter occurrence, making silver colloids yellow in color.
Gold is a good conductor of temperature and electricity, and is not precious by air and most reagents. Heat, damp, oxygen, and most corrosive agents have very little chemical effect on gold, making it well-suited for use in coins and jewelry; equally, halogens will chemically alter gold, and aqua regia dissolve it.
Pure gold is too soft for ordinary use and is hard-boiled by alloying with silver, copper, and other metals. Gold and its lots of alloys are most often used in jewelry, coinage and as a typical for monetary exchange in various countries. When promotion it in the form of jewelry, gold is calculated in karats (k), with pure gold being 24k. However, it is more commonly sold in lower capacity of 22k, 18k, and 14k. A lower "k" indicates a higher percent of copper or silver assorted into the alloy, with copper being the more typically used metal between the two. Fourteen karat gold-copper alloy will be almost identical in color to definite bronze alloys, and both may be used to produce polish and added badges. Eighteen karat gold with a high copper content is establish in some traditional jewelry and will have a distinct, though not dominant copper cast, giving an attractively warm color. A comparable karat weight when alloyed with silvery metals will appear less humid in color, and some low karat white metal alloys may be sold as "white gold", silvery in exterior with a slightly yellow cast but far more resistant to decay than silver or sterling silver. Karat weights of twenty and higher is more general in modern jewelry. Because of its high electrical conductivity and confrontation to decay and other desirable combinations of physical and chemical properties, gold also emerged in the late 20th century as an vital industrial metal, particularly as thin plating on electrical card associates and connectors.

Journalism Basics

Journalism is a concrete, professionally oriented major that involves gathering, interpreting, distilling, and other reporting information to the general audiences through a variety of media means. Journalism majors learn about every possible kind of Journalism (including magazine, newspaper, online journalism, photojournalism, broadcast journalism, and public relations).
That's not all, though. In addition to dedicated training in writing, editing, and reporting, Journalism wants a working knowledge of history, culture, and current events. You'll more than likely be required to take up a broad range of courses that runs the range from statistics to the hard sciences to economics to history. There would also be a lot of haughty talk about professional ethics and civic responsibility too - and you'll be tested on it. To top it all off, you'll perhaps work on the university newspaper or radio station, or possibly complete an internship with a magazine or a mass media conglomerate.

Historical background of real estate

History of the wordThe word 'real' in the context of 'real estate' is not the opposite of 'unreal' but is in fact derived from the same source as the word 'royal'. An illustration of this is found today in the name of soccer team Real Madrid, meaning Royal Madrid.
Interpretations varyWhen the word 'real' was originally used in conjunction with the word 'property', it had the literal meaning under common law of royal property. Translated for application in the United Kingdom today, this term refers to Crown property (since the real property rights of the British Royal Family were amended under the Act of Settlement.) However, since Scotland is not a common law jurisdiction, its strict interpretation today differs from that of its application to England and Wales and other localities where common law does apply.
Within international jurisdictions, such as those states of the United States where common law is applicable (and not all states are common law states), the term refers to both the land owned by the federal government; land owned by the state; land owned by Indian tribes (where applicable), and the land owned by individuals and companies within that state. This is in contrast to all other property in such states which is then deemed to be 'personal' property.
Even when common law is the governing law, interpretations of real property under common law vary according to the jurisdiction.

DefinitionsAn important area of real immovable property are the definitions of estates in land. These are various interests that may limit the ownership rights one has over the land. The most common and perhaps most absolute type of estate is the fee simple which signifies that the owner has the right to dispose of the property as she/he sees fit. Other estates include the life estate where the owner's rights to the property cease at their death and fee tail estates where the property at the time of death passes to the heirs of the body (i.e. children, grandchildren, descendants) of the owner of the estate before he died.